Closed-Loop Current Stimulation Feedback Control of a Neural Mass Model Using Reservoir Computing

Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) is a non-invasive neuromodulatory technique that alters ongoing neural dynamics by injecting an exogenous current through the scalp. Although tES protocols are becoming more common in both clinical and experimental settings, neurophysiological mechanisms which modulates cortical unknown. Most existing ignore potential effect of phasic interactions between endogenous currents stimulating open-looped fashion. To better understand closed-loop tES, we first instantiated two-column Jansen Rit model to simulate neuronal pyramidal cells interneurons. An echo-state network (ESN) reservoir computer inverted without access internal state equations. After inverting dynamics, ESN was used as feedback controller for mass predicting input desired future output. The predict membrane from observable cell potentials then inject destructively interfere with currents, thereby reducing energy PCs. This simulation approach provides framework model-free experiments.